Scientists reveal why hair turns grey

And why it stops growing...

George Clooney may be able to pull it off, but for most people grey hair

is just an unwelcome sign of ageing.
Now a new study has shed light on why hair turns grey, paving the way for

potential treatments which could help hair retain its natural colour.

Researchers at the New York University Langone Medical Centre

think that a breakdown in communication between the stem cells in hair follicles

and melanocyte stem cells may be the cause of hair turning grey.

Melanocytes are the pigment producing cells which give hair its colour,
while follicle stem cells are responsible for the growth of new hair.

"We have known for decades that hair follicle stem cells and pigment-producing

melanocycte cells collaborate to produce coloured hair, but the underlying reasons

were unknown," said Dr. Mayumi Ito, who led the study.

The scientists used a mouse model to examine how the follicle cells and
melanocytes work together to generate hair growth and produce hair colour.

They identified a signalling pathway - known as Wnt - which follicle cells use to send

instructions to, and activate stem cell melanocytes.

Once they receive the Wnt signal, the melanocytes start producing
pigment which gives hair its colour.

Inhibiting Wnt signalling in hair follicle stem cells inhibited both hair re-growth and
prevented melanocyte stem cell activation leading to depigmented or grey hair in mice.

The study findings suggest that manipulating the Wnt signalling pathway may help
prevent hair turning grey and even prevent hair thinning.

If scientists managed to achieve this in humans, it would be welcome news to the many men
and women of a certain age who spend a small fortune on hair colouring.

The research also provides insight into diseases in which melanocytes are lost,
or grow uncontrollably as in the deadly type of skin cancer, melanoma.

The study is published in the journal Cell.

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